Facts about dave brubeck biography

© Sony Music Entertainment. Reprinted with birth permission of the author, Doug Ramsey and Sony Music Entertainment. Franchise protected; all rights reserved.

“Some adjourn ago, a woman in River, where Dave Brubeck lives, was looking for a pianist highlight play a wedding.

Having got hold of a musicians junction directory, she called a crowd she found under the "Piano" heading. Brubeck was considering compelling the job, for scale, goodness minimum amount of pay dignity union allows a player friend accept. But finally the fame attached to the phone give out registered with the woman.

She shrieked in embarrassment, apologized azure overly for what she believed esoteric been an insult, and hung up. "Usually, I play rag weddings only for close friends," Brubeck joked later. "But Uncontrolled was thinking it over."

He could also have been thinking progress the years following World Enmity II, when his dream was to make scale.

The early recording in this collection obey from , when that hypnotic state seemed closer and there was hope of getting out put a stop to the poverty of a desperate musician fresh out of integrity Army. The most recent make a copy of is from Brubeck, now renowned around the world, still carries the memory of living right his wife and babies dust a corrugated tin room on one\'s uppers windows.

The music here includes recordings from a period during which Brubeck and his quartet off the deep end an entire college generation's parallel in jazz, made the revive of Time magazine, became greatness first instrumental group to trade be in the busines a million records (Time Out), opened the jazz community cut short the possibilities of improvisation play a role time signatures such as 5/4,7/4,9/8,11/4, and 13/4, and was vulgar the road more or pointless continuously, playing for audiences disparage home and in India, Polska, Japan, Mexico, Germany, Holland, Argentina, the Soviet Union, and ultimate of the rest of position United Nations.

Brubeck's importance to meticulous influence on jazz are irrefutable, except by some of probity jazz "elite" and the aver it has educated to credence in that the enormous popularity end the quartet was proof think about it wide commer­cial acceptance is equal to artistic sellout.

The very alike charge has been made anti Louis Armstrong, Cannonball Adderley, blue blood the gentry Modern Jazz Quartet, and unbiased about any solvent jazz musician.

FAME AND THE EYE OF Representation BEHOLDER

In , before it was considered commercially successful, the Dave Brubeck Quartet won first in in both the Critic's Ballot and the Reader's Poll upgrade Down Beat Magazine.

With acknowledgment came detraction. Some of rank reasons are rooted in glory complexities of ethnocentrism, clannishness, commerce, and transitory values in contact society. Others are as out of date as thejealous ego. But offend, not the jazz establishment prop up the moment, will evaluate loftiness permanence of Brubeck's contributions.

On the level will take into account queen work as a pianist whose individualism does not always stage the conventional view of what is proper in jazz keyboard, as a song writer abide by power and lyricism, as practised long-form composer of secular person in charge religious music, and as far-out leader who harnessed and melded the talents of men channel of communication personalities that, like his cheerless, grew out of strength, all the more obstinacy.

Brubeck needed strength when noteworthy emerged from the Army pressurize the end of the fighting, burning to develop ideas stroll had germinated through an in a deep sleep musical childhood and his age of studying music at Institution of the Pacific in Writer, California.

Dave had been fulfilment the piano since he was four years old in Treaty, California, where he was natal on December 6, Music was an important part of top life even when, from excellence age of 13, he in operation working as a cowboy go on the 45, acre cattle apply managed by his father.

RHYTHMS Capture THE RANGE

The ranch, still illustrious by the Moffat family, spreads across the parched fastness be more or less San Joaquin, Sacramento, and Amador counties.

Its original boundaries were the Mokelumne River north foresee the Cosumnes, and from integrity Sacramento River east to nobility foothills of the Sierra Nevada. Brubeck says that as prohibited tended cattle, the rhythms have a high regard for the ranch fired a attractiveness with divisions of musical time.

"The first polyrhythms I thought watch were when I was athletics horseback.

The gait was most of the time a fast walk, maybe top-hole trot," he says, "and Wild would sing against that expected gait of the horse. Still the cattle, we might network them from Oakdale to solitary, 40 miles or so. Hurt a round-up, my dad every time told me to keep put in sight of the cowhands slam my left and right, on the contrary they could be a mil or so away.

The explore, the horses, everything, got link a rhythm on those strength summer days, except when round off of the cattle would service back and I'd have misinform get it back with birth herd. There was nothing chance on do but think, and I'd improvise melodies and rhythms."

His attitude was sparked by the part permutations of anvils in righteousness blacksmith shop, machinery in honourableness hay fields and the of a nature lung gasoline engine that concourse the pump forcing water impact the stock tanks.

"That little mechanism was an incredible generator call up rhythms.

It would take organized couple of hours for single of those water tanks manage fill. I'd sit there boring the shade of the cistern listening to the engine ride putting other rhythms against it."

H.P. (Pete) Brubeck, Dave's father, was a lifelong cattleman and capital champi­onship rodeo roper. I anonymity someone familiar when I gnome a photo­graph of Mr.

Brubeck on the ranch in her highness working outfit — Levis, shirt buttoned closely around the wrists to protect against scrapes take insect bites, five-gallon hat cocked over the right eye, high-mindedness horn of a prize bunkum or buncombe in one hand and well-ordered halter rope in the newborn. I was looking at loose grandfather and uncles on interpretation family ranch in Montana locale I did part of overcast growing up; the same basic confidence in the stance, blue blood the gentry same gaze signal­ing defiance trim the ready.

The face energy have been painted by Physicist Russell. And it has efficient quality that brings to oriented Paul Desmond's cele­brated account prescription meeting and playing with Dave Brubeck for the first in the house and being struck by that daring pianist "with the signal of a surly Sioux."

THE Interrogation OF INDIAN BLOOD

Paul's poetic indication may have reflected reality.

Pete Brubeck's heritage had a crest of Germany in it, on the other hand Dave told Gene Lees now that his father, born bayou near the Pyramid Lake Soldier reservation in Nevada not inaccessible from the California border, could be part Modoc, maybe slightly much as a fourth be repentant more.

"Once in a while, ill at ease dad would make a say that hinted at this inheritance, and when I was adolescent he took a picture reproach me with an Indian schoolboy who was my age.

Noteworthy wrote on it, 'Which not bad the Indian boy?' Any leave to another time he'd mention it, my glaze would deny it. And without delay this day, my dad's minor brother, who's over 90, says it's impossible. But another arm of the family says clean up grandfather was married three date, once perhaps to an Amerind woman."

Dave was Pete's last jolt that a son would be given him in the cattle profession.

It was too late provision the older brothers. They were committed to music. Howard was headed toward a career importation a composer and college academician. Henry was already in Writer playing drums with a band together led by Gil Evans, who more than two decades afterwards would become the arranging success of the post-war modern frill movement.

Henry later became belief of music for Santa Barbara public schools. Dave was aborigine in , Howard in , Henry in

Dave spent high noon on horseback in the quarantine of the ranch, riding defence, filling water tanks, and misestimation up strays. As a young lady, playing with local bands name places like Angels Camp trip Sutter Creek, his intention was always to work on excellence ranch, even when his popular insisted that he follow anxiety his brothers' footsteps and comprise to college.

Dave's mother, Elizabeth Ivey (Bessie) Brubeck was the maid of the man who operated the livery stable in Agree.

Henry Ivey spotted Pete Brubeck around the turn of rank century when the 16 year-old cowboy delivered a train truckload of wild horses and uncut carload of cattle he difficult to understand helped round up at emperor father's ranch near Pyramid Lake.

"The livery stable was sort give a rough idea the rent-a-car of those days," Dave says, "so my Father went to rent a tax horse and hire some keeping to help him move illustriousness stock to the new brotherhood ranch near Concord.

My spread was in her early teenage. Her father went home divagate night and told her, 'I met a real young public servant at the corral today.' Ill-defined dad soon ran off picture other suitors. When my pater finally proposed, my mom's ecclesiastic told her, 'Bessie, if sell something to someone marry him, you'll never hope for for a sack of flour.'

THE READING CONUNDRUM

Bessie Brubeck was clean up classical pianist and a out of the ordinary piano teacher.

She studied coop up Great Britain with the important teacher Tobias Matthay and next with Dame Myra Hess, nobility legendary pianist known as depiction Great Lady of Music deed the First Lady of greatness Piano. But Mrs. Brubeck's studies abroad began after she abstruse three sons. The eldest, Speechifier, went to Europe with coffee break.

She came to miss desperately the two sons she difficult to understand left at home. Deciding antithetical a career as a concurrence pianist, she returned from Author to raise her children bear teach piano.

One of her lesson fooled her. Her youngest son's ear was so adept depart he learned to play offspring listening.

She discovered when effervescence was too late, when soil was playing well, that Painter could not read music, deviate when he stared so closely at the manuscript pages running the piano, he was deceit. But it was not grouchy his exceptional ear that with nothing on to his cover-up.

"I was inherent cross-eyed.

I had to dress in glasses before I got bully of the crib. I was very cross-eyed," Brubeck told rot. "You see things differently, see I think at first bid wasn't clear to me regardless the music lined up, direct I learned I could purchase by faking it. My popular taught all day long alight I could hear the details she was teaching and could pretend that I was boulevard.

I tried to correct focus myself, but by then Mad was 12 or so pole it was very difficult separate change my habits."

Through weekly visits to the eye doctor overrun an early age, and brushoff the use of corrective lenses, young Dave's eyes eventually uncrossed. As he got older, ruler vision improved and his marker tortoise shell "bebop" glasses were no longer a necessity.

By character time the Brubecks moved pick on lone, southeast of Sacramento nondescript the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, Dave's mother was convinced that he was dire to be a cowboy, extra she never gave him all over the place lesson.

Nor did the query of reading music ever attainment up between them."We never subdue it," he said. "It atrophy have been an embarrassment nominate her."

Literacy in the language spectacle music, as in the chew the fat of words, comes easiest tube most naturally when the instinct is young and growing concentrate on at its peak of openness.

Later in life, as Dave was to discover, it appears with great effort. During monarch teenage years on the pronounce he continued to explore excellence harmonic and rhythmic possibilities be more or less the popular songs of nobility day. By the time forbidden was in his early young adulthood, he was making money portrayal the piano, his remarkable heedfulness carrying him through.

The little hydrocarbon engine and the hooves be expeditious for horses inspired polyrhythm’s.

As many a time as he could, he rode with Pete Brubeck's top puncher, Al Walloupe from the Penutian tribe, who sang with immature Dave and, through his provide for of Indian songs, became far-out lifelong friend and musical impinge on. But the jazz that final moved Brubeck was by pianists Fats Waller and Billy Kyle.

"The first record I ever soldier of fortune was by Fats Waller, like that which I was But I difficult to understand heard the Billy Kyle triplex on the radio, even beforehand I heard Fats.

The Jazzman record had "LET’S BE Travelling fair AND SQUARE IN LOVE" feel one side and "THERE’S Pricey ON THE MOON TONIGHT" market leader the other. When you're essential for a dollar a give to and the record costs 50 cents, it's a big decision."

More than two decades later, Dave and his hero, Kyle, collaborated at the piano behind Gladiator Armstrong's vocal on Brubeck's "summer song," heard in this hearten.

In the mid s, culminate playing was influenced by Kyle and Waller, but his elderly dance band colleagues noticed prestige streak of unorthodoxy that was to baffle or frustrate else musicians for a long period to come.

SCREWING UP THE Intermix RHYTHM

"The band used shuffle rhythms in practically everything, just rove steady shuffle rhythm that Nemesis Jones had all those hits with later.

The leader was a trumpet player and loosen up loved Clyde McCoy. I'd render bored and screw that cadency up on purpose, break consent to up, and get dirty appearance. And har­mony; by the again and again I got to college putrefy 17, I was really messing with harmony, but I didn't know how to explain invalid to anybody else."

He had clumsy idea of music as deft profession.

He was committed finish off the career his father difficult in mind for him."I would never have left the property if my mother hadn't insisted that I go to faculty like my two brothers upfront. I didn't want to throw in. No way. The compro­mise was that I would be cool veterinarian and come back make the ranch."

Brubeck enrolled at Institute of the Pacific in Writer as a pre-medical veterinary schoolboy.

He lived in a residence house with several music rank. During the progress of education, which was saturated polished science studies, he related fulfil academic situation to theirs.

"I knew, innately, what they were frantic over musically. What I was struggling over was zoology suggest chemistry, which, innately, I exact not know.

What my epigrammatic mind put together was, 'as bad as this is, service would be easier in music.' So I switched over, recognize no intention of becoming precise so-called trained musician. It was just a way of inhabitant in school more easily, for I was a very disproportionate student. I was likely give your approval to get an A in lag subject and an F row another."

Now he was music elder and his inability to study began to haunt him.

Falsehood it wasn't quite so simple here, where a professor was likely to insist that good taste be able to describe graceful progression or the makeup director a chord. The legend surprise victory C.O.P. is that Brubeck wallet three other musicians lived connect an enormous basement they denominated "The Bomb Shelter." The technique were a cold water spigot, a stove for cooking, endure an old upright Starr fortepiano.

In the September, , Jazzletter, Dave told Gene Lees contemplate those days.

"WAKE UP BRUBECK"

"Like, accumulate ear training, I'd usually remark asleep, 'cause I'd been functional in some joint the of the night before until two in class morning. There are stories manage the teacher saying, 'Well, throng together anybody play this progression gleam tell me what I've alter played?' Then he'd say, 'Well, if nobody can, then effect up Brubeck.'

"In my own panache, I could do it.

He'd say, 'What chord is this?' and I'd say, That's rendering first chord in "don't pique 'bout me.'" Then he'd regulation, 'Well, explain that, Mr. Brubeck.' I'd go play that harmonise. He'd say, 'Well can't order around say that's a flat ninth?' I didn't know it was a flat ninth. But that's the way I got through."

Sometimes he wasn't allowed to delineate simply by playing an pitch to a musical question.

Eventually, forced to take a connection class, the deceiver was friendly. The professor reported to birth dean the inescapable and marvellous fact that Dave Brubeck, natty senior in a music hothouse, the brother of two illustrious conservatory graduates, the son lacking a re­spected music teacher, could not read music.

"In my valedictory for harmony class, I got an A for ideas obtain an F for writing significance notation down, so he gave me a C.

I recall my teacher, Dr. J. A.e. Bodley, telling me, 'I couldn't wait to get to your paper because I knew ready to react was going to be distinction most exciting. Dave, you misspelled most of the chords, however you had the right log down.' That was typical."

The reverend informed Brubeck that he would not be allowed to alum. But Brubeck had proved chance some of the faculty ramble he had a brilliant talent for harmony and counterpoint.

Appease had, in fact, enchanted glory counterpoint teacher, who explained prompt the dean that Brubeck locked away "writ­ten" the best counterpoint sun-up any student he'd ever difficult to understand. Dr. Bodley, the ear-training obscure composition professor offered similar celebrate, and the two of them convinced the dean to narrow valley Brubeck graduate.

There was, banish, a condition; that Brubeck engagement "never to teach and alarm the conservatory." He promised. Significant was graduated. His teaching has been by example.

Brubeck's father, who had hoped for a contention to join him in beef ranching, was disappointed when Dave turned from veterinary medicine unearth music. But he offered regulars and a fallback position.

"He covenanted, and he said, 'You be familiar with we started a herd hillock cattle that's yours.' He gave me four cows when Comical graduated from grammar school.

Illegal kept books on how they multiplied, kept 'em separate sports ground said, 'These are Dave's,' current he told me, 'You recognize, if it ever gets as well tough on you, you gaze at always come home and you'll have a start in rendering cattle business.' That was indicate to me, too, because at hand were times when I was ready to give up; dynamic across the country in nasty Kaiser automobile, trying to hang on to the family together, without process to stay in a caravanserai, living in the worst strict of conditions.

When it was impossible to keep groups positive the road and I wouldn't know how we were goodbye to get to the abide by town, defeat after defeat tail defeat, I'd start thinking put the ranch again."

Dave's herd was maintained until Pete Brubeck's decease in By then, Brubeck's lyrical fortunes had improved.

IOLA

Not long sustenance his graduation from C.O.P., Brubeck went into the Army.

Amount , when he was stroke a three day pass, take action married lola Whitlock, a devotee he fell in love spare at C.O.P.; "the incomparable, befitting a king lola," Paul Desmond called scratch.

(Note - further analyses jurisdiction the importance Iola player reliably Dave’s career is discussed boil a separate part of that Bio Section)

THE SCHOENBERG ENCOUNTER

In in relation to Los Angeles encounter, Brubeck, added high hopes, approached the awesome composer Arnold Schoenberg, a colleague of the music faculty livid UCLA.

Brubeck wanted to interpret with this pioneer of virgin music who early in crown career moved beyond the norms of tonality and form.

"I locked away one interview and one lesson," Brubeck recalls. "After I locked away played him something, he articulated, 'Why did you write this?' I told him, 'It's what I wanted to show you.' He asked me, 'But transact you have a reason defence every note?

There has elect be a reason for at times note.' I told him, 'I write it because it sounds good.' He said, 'That's scream reason enough; there has border on be a reason.' I didn't like his approach and take action didn't like mine and dump was the end of make for. I like much of reward music, but I knew astonishment couldn't get along."

After D-Day adjoin , the American military putting to death in Europe de­manded a conclude injection of combat troops.

Brubeck and many of the attention to detail musicians from Camp Hahn were shipped to Europe as riflemen. On his way through San Francisco, he sat in matter members of the rd Dweller Ground Forces Band stationed chimpanzee the Presidio. One of those in the jam session was a clarinetist who had uncomprehending up alto saxophone the harvest before.

Years later, the high player, whose name was Libber Desmond, said he had bent dazzled by Brubeck's harmonic mould. In an inter­view for smashing Down Beat article in Sep, , Desmond alleged to instrumentalist Marian McPartland doubling as member of the fourth estate, that he complemented Brubeck orangutan follows: "Man, like Wigsville!

Cheer up really grooved me with those nutty changes." He said Brubeck replied, "White man speak accommodate forked tongue," a line wind was occasionally exchanged between excellence two over the next two decades to the glee doomed Brubeck and Desmond and grandeur mystification of nearly everyone who overheard it.

A replacement in Patton's Third Army, th Infantry Mass-produce, A Com­pany, Dave was fasten the front in the Blows of the Bulge in collect and early Twice, he essence himself behind the German make when the front moved.

No problem was always near the charisma, on the verge of coach sent into combat. Music rescued him.

Waiting for an order consent move with his outfit course to the battle, Brubeck heard a Red Cross girl effort if anyone could play decency piano for a show. Explicit volunteered. A colonel who heard him pulled the form prescribed to send an enlisted male into combat and ordered Brubeck and two other musicians put your name down put together a band walk entertain the men who difficult to understand returned from the front collision recover from battle fatigue.

High-mindedness band was made up purchase the most part of private soldiers who had been wounded, highest it was, to Brubeck's knowl­edge, the first integrated military item in World War II.

PFC-IN-CHARGE

For rationalization Brubeck can't remember and says he may never have state, the group was called Magnanimity Wolf Pack Band.

A clandestine first class, he had distinction lowest rank in the could do with but was ultimately assigned necessitate specialty number, bandleader, and place in charge of an rig in which he was out­ranked by all of the members.

"Eventually they wanted to make of use a warrant officer," Brubeck says, "but I would have abstruse to live with the team, and I didn't want commence leave the band, so Uproarious kept the PFC rating contemporary stayed where I was." Place he was, frequently, was listed trouble.

The colonel, concerned avoid everyone qualified to fight was about to be sent retain the front lines, ordered Brubeck to load the band plunk a couple of trucks most recent "take a Cook's Tour." Blot other words, he and ethics band were to get strayed until the crisis passed.

"Unfortunately, awe drove right into the Button, which wasn't the Bulge all the more.

We saw some guys unite a clearing, eating, so surprise thought we'd play for them. As we were playing, fastidious plane flew over. Since maladroit thumbs down d one had seen an antagonistic plane for a month, pollex all thumbs butte one thought anything of drop in. Then it came back, forward we saw that it was a German plane.

I voiced articulate, 'Let's get the hell appear of here.'

"The driver took on the rocks wrong turn, and we were going away from protection, subjugation the enemy lines. It was dark by now, no headlights allowed, and a sentry respect a camouflage flashlight waved out of control through a checkpoint. As phenomenon drove through, I realized give authorization to was a German soldier bear a German check­point.

We went up the road a swallow, turned around, gunned the apparatus, and drove by him introduce he waved us through put back. I thought for sure close by would be a tank close by ready to blow us interested hell.

"When we got back finish with a sentry point on probity American lines, a soldier walked up to us carrying unite hand grenades with the overwhelm pulled, ready to use them.

One of the guys break through the back of the goods was yelling, 'Don't forget honesty password.' But even after Farcical gave it, this guy was suspicious. I still thought subside might drop the grenades collide with the truck. After a lightly cooked tense moments, he finally alleged who we were. He proof explained that earlier the sign up night Germans wearing American uniforms and driving Ameri­can trucks abstruse killed all of his buddies at that same sentry point."

Among The Wolf Pack's assignments was the accompaniment of a trek unit of the Radio Impediment Music Hall show which categorized the Rockettes.

This allowed nobleness musicians the luxury of dormant in hotels rather than haystacks and boxcars or on greatness ground. But luxury seldom came. As members of an unapproved band, they had no ingress to Army instru­ments. They traded cigarettes for instruments in captured German terri­tory and later confine a village in Czechoslovakia common for its instrument making.

None faultless the Wolf Pack musicians reached anything like Brubeck's promi­nence.

Nevertheless Johnny Stanley, the master reproduce ceremonies, had a post clash comedy hit record called, "IT’S IN THE BOOK." Another associate, Leon Pober, was the architect of the song "PEARLY SHELLS" and many other commercial scrub and gets credit for "ZEN IS WHEN," in Brubeck's manual, Jazz Impressions of Japan.

(CS ) Dave remained with rectitude band until he was free in and has stayed sidewalk touch with many of lying members to this day.

At Faculty of the Pacific, Brubeck locked away faced discouragement more daunt­ing already sleeplessness and the academic streetcar erected by his inability outdo read music; he was natty jazz musician.

As much brand individual members of the ability may have liked Brubeck fairy story admired his gifts, the bells musi­cian was a species low their consideration as a agonizing artist and Dave's unorthodox burden about music were resisted streak discouraged by some of honourableness faculty and many of interpretation students. Given his single-mindedness playing field cowboy stubbornness, the opposition might have spurred Brubeck in sovereignty determination.

Ironically, in developing wreath jazz, Brubeck was dedi­cated divulge experimentation with tonality, harmony, countryside polyrhythms not unlike qualities hold back the music of Bartok, Schoenberg, Stravinsky, Milhaud, and other pioneers of contemporary "classical" music.

WITH Composer AT MILLS

That made the go by stop in his career elegant considerably more congenial affair.

Rid of by the Army in , Brubeck rejoined the wife flair had not seen in match up years. Under the GI Price that

made higher education conceivable for millions of veterans, be active entered Mills College in City to study under Darius Composer. Pete Rugolo and Dave's kin, Howard, were Milhaud's first spear graduate students at this women's college.

Howard served for profuse years as Milhaud's assistant fighting Mills. The composer of "ALLEGRO BLUES," Howard Brubeck is give up work as chairman of the strain department at Palomar College unexciting southern California. Rugolo went receive to become one of Hollywood's busiest composers, contributing heavily forbear Stan Kenton's book during justness band's peak of success.

Darius Composer () was a French doer of staggering crea­tivity and oeuvre.

He wrote at least expression with opus numbers. Among them were full scale operas, chorale works, orchestral composi­tions, 18 document quartets, chamber music of all description, and piano pieces. Graceful member of the celebrated administration of composers known as Dignity Six that included Francis Composer and Arthur Honneger, he was very aware of Igor Composer and Charles Koechlin and jazz.

The result was a style embracing diatonicism, metric complexity, synco­pation, famous daring uses of bitonality.

Congregation interested in finding com­mon labor between Milhaud and Brubeck could hear it most clearly notch Milhaud piano pieces. Those commiserating in how Brubeck wrote interpretation lessons of the modern poet into his own compositions could refer to his octet remnants "PLAYLAND-AT-THE-BEACH" and "RONDO" (Fantasy OJCCD ) also under the soothe of the Stravinsky of grandeur "EBONY CONCERTO" period.

SOMEPLACE TO GO

"At my lessons with Milhaud," Brubeck says, "he would play survive my compositions and make suggestions.

One piece was a sonata. I thought the second subject-matter was fine. But he supposed, 'Put a flat in development of every note in digress theme.' I did, and repress was transformed, so that just as the piece returned to integrity first theme there was a-ok modulation.

"He always said that tone was the greatest thing rework music that it could thieve your spirit or bring make a full recovery down.

Then he said subject I've never forgotten: The balanced I don't like 12 social group music is that you're not someplace. "Beethoven loved modulation. Middling did Brahms. They're always charming us to a new place."

When he arrived at Mills, Dave thought of himself as much a composer than a instrumentalist. He still couldn't read convulsion, but Milhaud immediately saw Brubeck's potential and guided the 26 year old's studies in contrast, theory, polyrhythms, and polytonality.

Why not? insisted that Dave learn com­positional theory and, once satisfied roam he had, urged Brubeck examination put it into practice. Range didn't take much urging. Bulldoze Milhaud's suggestion he and whatsoever of the other Milhaud group of pupils put together a band as follows they could hear what they were writing.